Swarajya is working to promote agriculture and cottage industries in India, as these are one of the most important parts of the Indian economy.

Introduction

Agriculture is the most important sector of Indian Economy. Indian agriculture sector accounts for 18 percent of India’s gross domestic product (GDP) and provides employment to 50% of the countries workforce. India is the world’s largest producer of pulses, rice, wheat, spices and spice products. India has many areas to choose for business such as dairy, meat, poultry, fisheries and food grains etc. India has emerged as the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world [1]. According to the data provided by Department of Economics and Statics (DES) the production of food grains for the year 2013-2014 is 264 million tons which is increased when compared to (2012-2013) 257million tons. This is a good symptom for the Indian economy from the agriculture sector. India remains among main three as far as production of different agricultural things like paddy, wheat, pulses, groundnut, rapeseeds, natural products, vegetables, sugarcane, tea, jute, cotton, tobacco leaves and so on. On the other hand, on advertising front, Indian agribusiness is as yet confronting the issues, for example, low level of business sector reconciliation and integration, availability of dependable and convenient information needed by farmers on different issues in farming.

Agriculture in Indian Economy

Indian is an agriculture-based country, where more than 50% of population is depend on agriculture. This structures the main source of income. The commitment of agribusiness in the national income in India is all the more, subsequently, it is said that agriculture in India is a backbone for Indian Economy. The contribution of agriculture in the initial two decades towards the total national output is between 48% and 60%. In the year 2001-2002, this contribution declined to just around 26%. The aggregate Share of Agriculture and Allied Sectors, Including agribusiness, domesticated animals, and ranger service and fishery sub-segments as far as rate of GDP is 13.9 percent during 2013- 14 at 2004-05 prices. Agricultural exports constitute a fifth of the total exports of the country. In perspective of the overwhelming position of the Agricultural Sector, gathering and support of Agricultural Statistics expect incredible significance.

According to the fourth Advance Estimates of Production of food grains for 2013-14, aggregate food grain production is assessed to be 264.77 million tons (MT).

Export of spices from India are relied upon to reach US$ 3 billion by 2016-17, on the back of imaginative promoting strategies, inventive bundling, quality in quality and an in number appropriation system. The Indian flavors business is pegged at Rs 40,000 crore (US$ 6.42 billion) every year, of which the marked portion represents 15%.

The National Food Security Mission (NFSM) was launched from Rabi, 2007-08. The fundamental targets of the National Food Security Mission (NFSM) is to expand production of rice, wheat, pulses and coarse cereals through region extension and efficiency upgrade in a supportable way in the recognized locale of the nation; restoring soil ripeness and profitability at the individual ranch level; and improving farm level economy (i.e. ranch benefits) to restore confidence amongst the farmers.

The Mission met with a staggering achievement and accomplished the focused on extra generation of rice, wheat and heartbeats. The Mission is being kept amid Twelfth Five Year Plan with new focuses of extra generation of sustenance grains of 25 million tons including 10 million tons of rice, 8 million tons of wheat, 4 million tons of pulses and 3 million tons of coarse cereals by the end of twelfth five-year plan.

Training is an important procedure of capacity building of people as to enhance the execution. Consequently, training needs appraisal is imperative to the training process. It serves to recognize present issues and future difficulties to be met through training and improvement. It is obliged to figure out the needs of individual trainee on which proficient skills ought to be assembled to do the relegated occupation in the associations.

The 6% of agricultural production is converted into processed food, which is focused to achieve 20% in coming future. The business is work escalated and contributes around 50% for industrial production. Multi-National Food Companies have assumed a part of making business sector draw and rivalry. Selection of inventive and experimental bundling strategies by food industry has empowered the assembling of sheltered and quality sustenance.

Conclusion

Most of the Indians are directly or indirectly depending on the agriculture. Some are directly attached with the farming and some other people are involved in doing business with these goods. India has the capacity to produce the food grains which can make vast difference in Indian Economy. To achieve targeted mark by the government it needs to provide support in case of land, bank loans and other machineries to the small farmers along with the big farmers with this we can expect some improvement in Indian economy.

References

1. Ministry of External Affairs (2015)India in Business.Investment and Technology Promotion Division, Govt. of India.

2. http://www.ccsniam.gov.in/research/KCG%20Final%20report.pdf.

3. Indian Brand Equity Foundation(2015)Indian Agriculture Industry: An Overview.

4. Department of Agriculture and Cooperation. Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India.

5. Pandey MM (2009) Indian Agriculture–An Introduction.Fourth Session of the Technical Committee of APCAEMChiang Rai, Thailand, pp. 1-39.

6. ArjunKM (2013) Indian Agriculture- Status, Importance and role in Indian Economy.International Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Technology 4:343-346.

Cottage Industries in India

The Cottage Industry is a form of unorganized industry in which people are engaged in craftsmanship works such as handicraft, pottery, knitting, handloom, etc. They are generally set up at the individual’s home or a nearby place and the workers use traditional equipment. This type of industry is associated with Community Development Programmes, Poverty Alleviation Programmes and Integrated Rural Development.

Milk-based industry, handloom and power loom industry, oilseed industry and food processing in Gujarat; Stone-cutting carpet-making and handicraft industry in Rajasthan; Handloom and power loom, milk-products (mainly Tarai region) in Uttar Pradesh; Food-processing, handloom and power loom, milk products etc. in outskirts region of metropolitans.

Famous centres of the Cottage Industries in India

1. Handloom

i. Malnmal: Meerut, Mathura, Madurai, Varanasi, Ambala.
ii. Chhint: Machhilipattanam.
iii. Durri: Agra, Jhansi, Aligarh, Ambala.
iv. Khadi: Amroha, Calicut, Pune.

2. Silk Textiles

Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Jammu and Kashmir are the silk producing states in India.

i. Chanderi Silk Saree: It is manufactured from chanderi cotton and silk cotton. It is situated in Chanderi, Ashoknagar district of Madhya Pradesh. The lightweight and shimmered look Chanderi Silk Sarees are listed under Geographical Indications in India.

ii. Banarasi Saree is finest sarees in India known for gold and silver zari and made of finely woven silk. There are four different types of Banarasi saree known as Tanchoi, Organza, and Katan.

iii. Assam silk are produced in Assam and known as Muga silk, known for its extreme durability. Muga silk of Assam are used in products like traditional Assamese dress Mekhela chador and Assam silk sarees.

iv. Sambalpuri Silk Saree are manufactured in Sambalpur, Bargarh, Sonepur and Berhampur and listed under the Government of India’s Geographical Indications.
v. Kancheepuram Silk Saree is listed under Geographical indication by the Government of India, made in the Kanchipuram region in Tamil Nadu.
vi. Baluchari Sari originated in Bengal made of tassar silk. The Baluchuri saree are producer from Malda district of West Bengal.

vii. Konrad Silk Saree is also known as Temple Saree, mostly woven for temple deities. Konrad, Mysore, Kanjeevaram Silk, Chettinad, Gadwal and Pochampally Sarees are best traditional beauties of South Indian silk sarees.

viii. Paithani Silk Sarees are made from very fine silk in Paithan town of Aurangabad. It is considered as one of the finest and richest saris in India.

ix. Patola Saree made in Patan, usually made from silk and very popular among the high-class women. These double ikat Sarees are very expensive and printed with designs of elephants, flowers and parrots.

x. Silk Saree: It is produced by mulberry silk and processed into silk fabric in the Mysore district of Karnataka.

xi. Bomkai Silk Sari also known as Sonepuri Sari is produced in Subarnapur district. Most popular items are Sonepuri paatas, Sonepur handloom saree and Sonepu silk sarees.

xii. Bhagalpuri Silk Sarees are made from Tussar silk that is produced from silkworms. Raigarh Kosa Silk Saree and Jharkhand Tussar Silk Sarees are also produced from Tussar silk which is known as Kosa silk, species of moth.

3. Woolen Textiles: Amritsar, Dhariwal, Ludhiana, Machhilipattanam, Sri Nagar, Warangal

4. Leather: Kanpur

5. Gur & Khandsari: Meerut

India’s Cement Industry, the Cement Producing States and Plants

Important Facts about Indian Cottage Industries

1. Central Silk Industry Research Institute has been established at Behrampur (Kolkata) for the purpose of silk related research.

2. There are four types of Silk produced in India i.e. Mulberry, Tassar, Munga and Eri.

3. More than 50% of the Gur & Khandsari of the country produced by the Uttar Pradesh.

4. Cottage Industry Board was established in 1948.

5. Central Silk Board was established in 1949.

6. All India Handloom Board was established in 1950.

7. All India Handicrafts Board was established in 1953.

8. All India Khadi & Gramodyog Board was established in 1954.

9. Small Industry Board was established in 1954.

10. Central Sales Organisation was established in 1958.

It is noteworthy that the large-scale industries that have created a wide gap between capitals and labor, whereas Cottage Industry increases the attachment labor for their family which develops better sentiments. Hence, we can say that the development of Cottage Industry is parallel important as the development of small, medium and large industries because it gives more rural employment.